Psychology
Asiyeh Iri; maryam Taghvaee Yazdi; Saeed Saffarian Hamedani
Abstract
Purpose: Knowing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in different organizations, especially the technical and vocational organization plays an important role in improving the state of this educational system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyzing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship ...
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Purpose: Knowing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in different organizations, especially the technical and vocational organization plays an important role in improving the state of this educational system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyzing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country. Methodology: In a descriptive research from type of correlation were analyzed the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship. For this purpose, the research population was all the employees of technical and vocational organization of Golestan province with number of 500 people, which the sample size based on Cochran's formula was estimated to be 217 people, which these people were selected by simple random sampling method. The tool of the current research was the questionnaire of the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization, which the data were analyzed with the methods of exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Smart PLS software. Findings: The findings of this study indicated that the ambivalent elements of entrepreneurship in technical and vocational organizations were included 14 elements of market orientation, market analysis, use of creativity, continuous problem solving, knowledge sharing, knowledge absorption capacity, strategic planning, continuous sourcing, flexible organization, continuous learning, managerial expertise, financial support, capable human resources, environment dynamism, ambivalence and the results that the factor load of all of them was higher than 0.50, the average variance extracted of all of them was higher than 0.60, and the Cronbach and combined reliability of all of them was higher than 0.80. Also, the model of analyzing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country had a good fit and the coefficient of all paths was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is necessary to plan to improve the ambivalence of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country through the identified elements.
Efat Aslani; Reza Vala; Fattah Nazem
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide a model of entrepreneurship-based curriculum in secondary school.Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and integrated (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method. The research population in the qualitative section ...
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide a model of entrepreneurship-based curriculum in secondary school.Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and integrated (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method. The research population in the qualitative section included experts in the field of entrepreneurship in Alborz province in the academic year 2020-2021, in which 14 people were selected based on theoretical saturation method and purposive sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative section also included all secondary school teachers of Alborz planning and entrepreneurship course in the academic year 2020-21 (266 people). The sample size was determined based on Morgan and Georgian table and 154 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tool in the qualitative part was semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the findings of the qualitative part. To validate the qualitative data, a recoding strategy and reliability were obtained with a coding agreement coefficient of 0.86. For quantitative findings, face validity and reliability were obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.82. For data analysis, in the qualitative part, the content analysis method was used with Maxquda18 software and in the quantitative part with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with Smart Pls3 software.Findings: The findings of the qualitative section showed that there are 56 sub-themes and 5 main themes (entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial attitude, entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial ability) for the entrepreneurship curriculum. The results of exploratory factor analysis also showed that the first factor, ie the creation of entrepreneurial knowledge explains 6.54 of the total variance, the second factor (entrepreneurial attitude) 7.65%, the third factor (entrepreneurial skills) 12.76% and the fourth factor (entrepreneurial ability) 14.65% explained the total variance of entrepreneurship. The results of structural equation modeling also showed that all identified factors have a significant effect. The GOF criterion also showed that the overall fit of the model was at a desirable level.Conclusion: It can be concluded that a good curriculum should pay attention to the factors of knowledge, skills, attitudes and abilities, and curriculum planners should pay more attention to "creating entrepreneurial ability" and "entrepreneurial skills" in designing the entrepreneurship textbook.
Social Sciences
Macan Aria Parsa; Mohammad Reza Dalvi Esfahan
Abstract
Purpose: Considering the importance of entrepreneurship in the metaverse era, especially with a future research approach, the present research was conducted with the aim of establishing an entrepreneurial model with a future research approach in the metaverse era in knowledge-based companies in the field ...
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Purpose: Considering the importance of entrepreneurship in the metaverse era, especially with a future research approach, the present research was conducted with the aim of establishing an entrepreneurial model with a future research approach in the metaverse era in knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology.Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The research population in the qualitative part was university faculty members and managers of knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology, which number of 17 people of them according to the principle of theoretical saturation were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. The research population in the quantitative part was the employees and managers of knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology in 29 major cities of Iran country with number of 45331 people, which according to Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated 184 people, and considering the possible losses, 200 people of them were selected as a sample by available sampling method. The research tools in the qualitative and quantitative parts respectively were the semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire (51 items), which the validity of the interviews was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by the agreement coefficient method between two coders 0.88, and the face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the opinion of experts and its reliability was confirmed by the Cronbach's alpha method was calculated 0.92. The qualitative part data were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding method based on grounded theory in MAXQDA-2018 software and the quantitative part data were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-23 and SMART PLS-4 software.Findings: The findings of the qualitative part showed that the establishing an entrepreneurial model with a future research approach in the metaverse era in knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology had 293 concepts, 47 sub categories and 17 main categories in 6 dimensions; So that the causal conditions dimension were included 11 sub categories in the 4 main categories of balance between opportunity exploration and creating competitive advantage, innovation development, growth prospects and benefiting from scientific and strategic approaches, the background conditions dimension were included 6 sub categories in the 2 main categories of regulatory approach and cognitive-normative approach, the intervening conditions dimension were included 6 sub categories in the 3 main categories of country's macro policies and planning in the issues of employment creation and entrepreneurship in the field of information technology, motivational mobility of material and spiritual issues and organizational dynamics, the central phenomenon dimension were included 5 sub categories in the 2 main categories of organizational structure of entrepreneurship and organizational policies of entrepreneurship, the strategies dimension were included 11 sub categories in the 4 main categories of having strategic thinking, forward-looking actions, improving work processes and using of education and knowledge management and the consequences dimension were included 8 sub categories in the 2 main categories of prosperity and flourishing of economy and targeted community development. Also, the findings of the quantitative part showed that there were 32 missing questionnaires and the quantitative section analyzes were performed for 178 people. Based on the analysis, all the dimensions had a factor load and average variance extracted of higher than 0.50 and reliability of higher than 0.70. In addition to that, the establishing an entrepreneurial model with a future research approach in the metaverse era in knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology had an acceptable fit, and in the mentioned model, the causal conditions on central phenomenon; the central phenomenon, background conditions and intervening conditions on strategies and strategies on outcomes had a direct and significant effect (P<0.001).Conclusion: The results of the current research about the establishing an entrepreneurial model with a future research approach in the metaverse era in knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology have many practical implications for experts and planners of knowledge-based companies, especially in the field of information technology, and they based on the results of this research can take an effective step towards job creation and establishing an entrepreneurial in the metaverse era.
